欧李在吉林省西部盐碱化土壤上的适应性栽培试验

Adaptive Cultivation Experiment on Cerasus humilis in Saline-Alkaline Soil in the West of Jilin Province

为揭示吉林省西部盐碱化土壤环境下欧李的适应性,并为欧李在吉林省西部栽培提供理论支持,在通榆县通过田间栽培试验获得了淡黑钙土和风沙土上欧李的生长状况、物候期和产量数据。利用SPSS 17.0对这些数据进行的统计分析表明:①栽植2年时,淡黑钙土(pH值8.29、电导率0.258 mS/cm)上的欧李能够完成正常的营养、生殖生长过程,风沙土(pH值8.19、电导率0.184 mS/cm)上的欧李能够完成开花、结果外的营养生长过程,欧李苗4月中下旬萌发,11月初落叶,速生期为6月9日至7月29日;②淡黑钙土上欧李的存活、越冬和生长状况显著优于风沙土上的欧李;③影响欧李在吉林省西部盐碱化土壤上存活、越冬和生长状况的主要土壤因子为含水量、有机质含量和全氮含量等。综上,欧李能够适应吉林省西部盐碱化淡黑钙土和风沙土环境,且更适宜栽植于淡黑钙土上。

In order to reveal the adaptability of Cerasus humilis growing in the conditions of saline-alkaline soil in the west of Jilin Province and provide theoretical support for the plantation in the region,the paper obtained the data of growth status,phenological period and output of Cerasus humilis grown in light chernozem and aeolian sandy soil in Tongyu County through field cultivation experiment. It conducted the statistical analysis on the data by using SPSS 17.0. The outcomes show that a) the Cerasus humilis can complete the process of normal nutrition and reproductive growth in light chernozem( pH value 8.29 and total salt 0.25 ms/cm) and can complete the process of blossom and out-of-fruit growth in aeolian sandy soil( pH value 8.19 and total salt 0.184 ms/cm) when planting is 2 years. The Cerasus humilis sprouts in the middle and late April,leaves fall down in the beginning of November and the fast-growing stage is from June 9 to July 29;b) the status of survival,over-wintering and growing of Cerasus humilis grown in light chernozem are significantly better than that grown in aeolian sandy soil and;c)the main soil factors that affect the status of survival,over-wintering and growing of Cerasus humilis grown in saline-alkaline soil of the west of Jilin are soil moisture,organic matter content and total nitrogen content. In summary,Cerasus humilis can adopt to the light chernozem and aeolian sandy soil well in the west of Jilin Province and more suited to light chernozem.