科学技术哲学研究的新领域:“国家”层面的STS

A New Research Field in the Philosophy of Science and Technology from the Perspective of STS at the "National" Level

语境对主体及其活动方式产生潜移默化或直截了当的影响。作为语境,国家位于全球、人类与小环境之间,对各类主体发挥越来越大的影响。人文社会科学的研究对象本来就包括“国家”,“国家”既是研究对象,又是研究者身处其间的语境。研究者难以割裂与语境的关系以从事客观的研究。科技界主要研究自然界及其与人类的关系,“国家”只是语境。科技哲学在哲学高度思考科学技术及其与社会的关系,“国家”不仅作为语境,而且成为对象。相对于人文社会科学,科技哲学以“国家”作为研究对象具有独特的优势。科技哲学的分支,由自然哲学、科学哲学、技术哲学到STS,作为语境的“国家”渐次成为研究对象。与此同时,“国家”对研究者所施加的影响也越来越大,大致可以从空间上的横向、纵向,时间上的进退,以及虚拟世界与现实世界的关系,考察全球化中“国家”层面的STS。

Context has a subtle influence or a straightforward influence on the subject and its mode of activity. As a context,the country is located between the world,between humans and the small environment,and exerts an increasing influence on various subjects. The research object of humanities and social sciences originally includes the "nation" which is both the object of study and the context in which researchers are located. It is difficult for researchers to separate the relationship with context to engage in objective research. The scientific and technological community mainly studies the natural world and its relationship with human beings. The "nation" is only a context. Philosophy of science and technology highly considers science and technology and its relationship with society. The "nation" is not only a context,but also an object. Compared with the humanities and social sciences,the philosophy of science and technology has a unique advantage in taking the "nation" as the research object. The branch of philosophy of science,from natural philosophy,philosophy of science,philosophy of technology to STS,as the "nation" of context has gradually become the object of study. At the same time,the influence of the "nation" on the researchers is also growing,and it can be roughly from the horizontal,vertical and temporal advances in space,and the relationship between the virtual world and the real world to inspect STS at the "nation" level.