原核生物转录组研究的现状与进展

Current Status and Progress on Prokaryotic Transcriptome Study

转录技术在原核生物转录组研究上的突破,已经显示出其在揭示原核生物生命过程的分子机制上独特的优势.对原核生物的转录组研究开始于致病菌,近年来,通过转录组学分析原核生物对污染物的降解机制已成为研究热点.通过多组学整合分析,对降解菌的代谢机理、作用机制及转录相关基因进行深入探究.综述了原核生物转录组研究的现状及进展,即介绍了响应重金属及芳香族化合物、石油烃等有机污染物的降解菌种类及其转录组特征;重点关注了致病菌的转录组研究,包括人类、动植物致病菌的种类、性质及其转录组特征;并对原核生物的转录组研究在未来的发展和应用进行了展望,旨在为原核生物在环境污染治理和致病菌引起的人类和动植物疾病的防控奠定重要理论基础.

The breakthrough of transcriptional technology in studying prokaryotes transcriptome has shown its unique advantage in revealing the molecular mechanism of prokaryotes’ life process. The transcriptome study of prokaryotes began with pathogenic bacteria,and recently the transcriptome analysis of the degradation mechanism of pollutants by prokaryotes has become a research focus. The metabolic mechanism,mechanism of action and transcription-related genes of degrading bacteria were further explored through multi-histological integration analysis. In this paper,the status and progress of the study on prokaryotic transcriptome are reviewed,i.e.,the degradation bacteria and their transcriptome characteristics in response to heavy metals,aromatic compounds,petroleum hydrocarbons and other organic pollutants are introduced. The transcriptome study of pathogenic bacteria is also focused,including human,animal and plant pathogenic bacteria species,nature,and transcriptome characteristics. The future development and application of transcriptome research in prokaryotes are also prospected. It aims to lay an important theoretical foundation for prokaryotes in environmental pollution control as well as prevention and control of human and animal and plant diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria.