意象思维对传统中药理论的影响

The Influence of Image Thinking on Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine

意象思维作为中华民族观察事物、认识世界的重要思维方式之一,是指思维主体将物象或拟象(符号、概念、模型等)作为思维工具,运用直觉、比喻、象征、联想、类推、顿悟等方法来表达对世界的认识。传统中药理论的发展亦离不开意象思维的指导。通过对四时之象与药物理论、五行之象与药物理论、外显之象与药物理论、八卦之象与药物理论、物候之象与药物理论、意象思维与中药配伍等方面的梳理和分析,揭示意象思维对传统中药理论留下深刻印记,其在阐释、推导、印证和发现中药的药性、功效、配伍等方面具有重要作用。

Image thinking is an important way of thinking for Chinese to observe things and understand the world. Image thinking takes an object or simulacra, including symbols, concepts, models and etc. as the thinking tool and uses intuition, metaphor, symbolism, association, analogy, insight and other methods to express the understanding of the world. The development of theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is inseparable from image thinking. This paper analyzes the four-time image and drug theory, the five elements and drug theory, the explicit image and drug theory, the eight-hexagram image and drug theory, the image of phenology and drug theory, image thinking and compatibility of TCM. It reveals that image thinking has a deep impact on TCM theory, and it plays an important role in interpreting, deducing, verifying and discovering the medicinal properties, efficacy and compatibility of TCM.