重金属污染区农户对休耕制度的态度调查——以长株潭休耕试点区为例

Investigation on Farmers’ Attitude towards Fallow Farming in Chang-Zhu-Tan Heavy Metal Pollution Pilot Area

基于163份农户调查问卷,探讨了长株潭重金属污染休耕试点区农户对休耕制度的认知和态度。研究结果表明:(1)长株潭重金属污染休耕试点区农户休耕参与程度高,但农户对耕地重金属污染情况以及耕地重金属污染对健康影响认知不足。(2)农户对重金属污染休耕政策的内容、目的等了解不够,但是对休耕政策政策的支持度比较高,主要是因为农业收入不是家庭主要收入来源,缺乏劳动力,政府相关福利和保障措施好等。(3)农户对休耕补偿标准和方式满意度较高,但仍有诸多不同诉求。据此,从重金属污染知识普及、休耕政策宣传,补偿标准和方式优化,后续帮扶措施构建等方面,提出对策建议。

Based on 163 peasant household questionnaires, the cognition and attitude of farmers to fallow farming in Chang-Zhu-Tan heavy metal pollution pilot area were discussed. The results showed that:(1) Farmers in Chang-Zhu-Tan heavy metal pollution pilot area had a high degree of fallow participation, but did not know enough about the heavy metal pollution degree in cultivated land and its negative impact on health.(2) Farmers did not know enough about the content and purpose of heavy metal pollution fallow policy, but their support degree for fallow farming policy was relatively high mainly because of nonagricultural employment occupying the most of household income, the lack of labor force, and sufficient government welfare and safeguard measures.(3) Farmers’ satisfaction with fallow compensation standards and methods was relatively high, but there were still many different demands. Based on these data, the countermeasures and suggestions are put forward from the aspects of knowledge popularization of heavy metal pollution, publicity of fallow farming policy, optimization of compensation standards and ways, construction of follow-up measures and so on.