猫的弓形虫病研究进展

REVIEW OF TOXOPLASMOSIS IN CATS

弓形虫是一种专性细胞内寄生性原虫,可以引起人兽共患的弓形虫病。该病呈世界性分布,严重威胁人类健康和畜牧业的发展。猫科动物是弓形虫唯一的终末宿主,在弓形虫的流行与传播中起重要作用。目前对猫弓形虫病致病机理的研究甚少,尚无有效的防治猫弓形虫病的方法。本文对猫弓形虫病的发现历史、流行现状、分子分型、肠内发育、疫苗和诊断研究、猫弓形虫病及弓形虫卵囊相关的组学研究等进行综述,为深入研究猫弓形虫病的致病机理,研制猫弓形虫病的疫苗或药物,开发猫弓形虫病的诊断方法提供新的思路。

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasitic protozoon, which can cause the zoonotic toxoplasmosis. The disease distributes all over the world and has severely threatened human health and animal husbandry. Felids are the only definitive hosts that play an important role in the prevalence and transmission of T. gondii. However, little information has been available about the pathogenesis of T. gondii infection in cats and no effective methods to prevent and detect cat toxoplasmosis. This paper reviews T. gondii infection in cats regarding the process of historic discovery, the epidemic status and gene-typing, the development of vaccines and diagnostic methods, as well as the study about "omics" on T. gondii oocysts, which will provide the base-data for study of the pathogenic mechanism of cat toxoplasmosis and for development of new vaccines and medicines, diagnosis methods for T. gondii infection in cats.