基于不同动力引力辅助模型的木星转移轨道设计

Jupiter Transfer Trajectory Design Based on Different Powered Gravity Assist Models

针对木星转移轨道设计中动力引力辅助模型选择问题展开了研究。首先,介绍了近心点机动和甩摆后机动2种动力引力辅助模型,给出了2种模型下最优脉冲机动速度增量的解算方法;然后,基于动力引力辅助模型,提出了包含引力辅助的行星际转移轨迹初始设计方法;最后,以木星探测任务转移轨迹设计为例,对比了不同动力引力辅助模型下探测器的燃料消耗情况。仿真结果表明:相比于甩摆后机动方式,近心点轨道机动方式更加节省燃料。基于近心点机动引力辅助模型,最终完成了金星-地球-地球引力辅助序列的木星转移轨迹初始设计,为我国未来采用引力辅助方式的深空探测任务提供了一定的参考。

The selection of powered gravity assist models is investigated in this paper. Firstly,the powered gravity assist models with periapsis maneuver and maneuver after flyby are introduced,and corresponding methods of solving the optimal velocity increment are also derived. Secondly,based on proposed powered gravity-assist models,a preliminary design method of the interplanetary transfer trajectory with planet gravity assists is proposed. Finally,taking Jupiter mission as an example,Jupiter transfer trajectories with various gravity-assist models are designed. Simulation results show that the powered gravity assist with periapsis maneuver is a more fuel-saving way. Therefore,the preliminary transfer trajectory to Jupiter with a gravity assist sequence of Venus-Earth-Earth is finally obtained by using the powered gravity assist with periapsis maneuver. The research in this paper has a certain reference significance for our future deep space exploration missions with gravity assists.