刑事速裁程序价值的理论阐释与冲突衡平

Theoretical Interpretation and Conflict Equalization of the Value of Fast-track Sentencing Process

最新的《刑事诉讼法》修正案首次以立法的形式规定了刑事速裁程序。价值问题是刑事速裁程序的理论基础问题。效率价值、程序公正价值及实体公正价值构成了刑事速裁程序的多元价值体系。审前程序的整合、审判程序的简化以及诉讼期限的缩短是效率价值的具体表现。被告人程序选择权的充分尊重以及诉讼当事人的实质参与是程序公正价值的具体表现。控辩双方不可围绕特定罪名进行协商以及量刑协商不可突破法定范围则是该程序实体公正价值的具体表现。然而,在多元的价值体系中,价值与价值之间难免会出现相互冲突的情况。为了实现刑事速裁程序的三种价值,尽量避免价值之间的冲突,应当树立效率价值优先原则以及保障最低限度公正价值原则,以保障该程序在新的立法体系中更为顺畅地运行。

Amendment of Criminal Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China stipulated fast-track sentencing process in the form of legislation for the first time. The value problem is the theoretical fundamental problem of fast-track sentencing process. Efficiency, procedural justice and substantive justice constitute a multi value system of fast-track sentencing process. The integration of pretrial procedure, the simplification of trial procedure and the shortening of litigation duration are the concrete manifestation of efficiency value. The full respect of the defendant's procedural option and the substantive participation of the litigants are the concrete manifestation of the value of procedural justice. The fact that the prosecution and the defense cannot negotiate about a specific crime and the sentencing negotiation cannot break through the legal scope is the concrete manifestation of the substantive justice value of the procedure. However, in multi value system, there will inevitably be conflicting situations between value and value. In order to realize the three values of fast-track sentencing process and try to avoid the conflict between values, the principle of priority of efficiency value and the principle of minimum fair value should be established to ensure the smooth operation of the procedure in the new legislative system.