交易成本与农业社会化服务模式的选择——基于两家合作社的比较研究

Transaction Cost and Specialized Agricultural Services’ Mode:A Comparative Study Based on Two Cooperatives

以黑龙江省克山县的仁发合作社和河南省荥阳市的新田地合作社为研究对象,对比分析探索交易成本与农业社会化服务模式选择之间的关系。结果表明:交易成本会对农民专业合作社农业社会化服务模式的选择产生一定影响。农业社会化服务供需双方通过垂直一体化协作所降低的市场交易成本与其可能增加的内部交易成本之差越大,即一体化的净收益越大,服务供需双方选择垂直一体化协作模式的可能性就越大;反之,服务供需双方则选择契约协作或现货市场交易模式的可能性更大。基于此,提出要通过完善农业社会化服务体系、促进农民组织化等措施来降低服务外包的市场交易成本和服务供需双方一体化的内部交易成本。

Taking Renfa Cooperative from Keshan County of Heilongjiang and Xintiandi Cooperative from Xingyang City of He’nan as the objects of case study,this paper explores the relationship between transaction cost and specialized agricultural services’mode.The result shows that transaction cost can affect agricultural services’mode of farmers’cooperatives to some extent:the greater the difference between decreased market transaction cost and increased inner transaction cost via integration between specialized agricultural services’ supplier and demander.That is to say,the greater the net benefit of integration,the more likely that specialized agricultural services’supplier and demander choose integration;On the contrary,the probability that specialized agricultural services’ supplier and demander choose contract coordination or spot market transaction will be much greater. Thus,this paper proposed that market transaction cost of specialized agricultural services and inner transaction cost of integration between agricultural services’supplier and demander can be decreased by improving specialized agricultural services system,promoting the organization of farmers,and so on.