古代杭州城市洪旱适应性研究

A Study of City Adaptability to Flood and Drought in Ancient Hangzhou

文章基于对地方史志和相关资料的整理,通过绘图、统计等方法探究古代杭州山水城市的发展与洪旱适应性建设的关系,研究发现杭州古城经历了择山水而居、治山水而兴、合山水而美的过程。在选址上杭州古城趋利避害,综合考虑了多种因素;在城市形态上,杭州古城积极地与周围山水环境相适应,营造了山水城相融的格局。南宋时期,杭州山水田园城共治模式形成,洪旱适应性建设日趋成熟,其中的生态智慧和美学智慧值得当今城市建设关注和借鉴。

Based on the local chronicles and some relative data, this paper explores the relationship between the city development of ancient Hangzhou with mountains and waters and city adaptability to flood and drought by means of drafting, statistics and other methods. It is found that the ancient Hangzhou City sought advantages and avoided disadvantages and comprehensively considered various factors in the site selection to adapt to surrounding landscape environment and create a pattern of mountains, rivers and cities combination, after experiencing the process of living around mountains and rivers, thriving by governing mountains and rivers and then achieving mountains and rivers integration. Until the Southern Song Dynasty, the co-governing pattern of Hangzhou Landscape Garden was formed, in which flood and drought have gradually adapted to urban development. The ecological wisdom and aesthetic wisdom in the adaptation are worthwhile to be learned as references by modern cities.