高速公路主线收费站节能减排测算模型与实例分析

ENERGY CONSERVATION AND EMISSION REDUCTION CALCULATION MODEL AND CASE STUDY FOR MAIN HIGHWAY TOLL STATIONS

为解决高速公路主线站因拥堵所造成的能源过度消耗和污染排放问题,在分析主线收费站交通特性的基础上,根据车流波动理论、排队论理论和车辆数据建立了高速公路主线收费站节能减排测算模型,结合河北津保高速冀津主线站连续10 d的交通数据,完成主线收费站在不同排队长度、不同交通量组成及不同收费模式下车辆通过主线收费站的延误、油耗、CO2排放和污染物排放等指标的测算。结果表明:收费模式变化对排放量的影响最为显著,ETC车道增加和无感支付均可显著减少污染物排放量;在收费模式不变的情况下,货车比例对污染排放量的影响最大,收费站收费车道数和收费广场长度确定应根据车型组成进行差异性设计。

In order to solve the problems of excessive energy consumption and pollution emission caused by congestion of the mainline toll stations of expressway,based on the analysis of the traffic characteristics of mainline toll stations,the calculation model of energy conservation and emission reduction for expressway mainline toll stations was established according to the theory of traffic flow fluctuation,queuing theory and vehicle data. Combined with the traffic data of Hebei-Tianjin mainline toll station of Tianjin-Baoding Expressway for 10 consecutive days, the measurement of indicators like the delay, fuel consumption,CO2 emission and pollutant discharge of vehicles passing through the mainline toll station with different queue lengths,different traffic compositions and different charging modes was completed. The results showed that: the change in the charging model had the most significant influence on emission,and the increase of ETC lane and the unconscious payment could significantly reduce the pollutant emission;under the condition with unchanged charging mode,the proportion of trucks had the greatest impact on the pollution emissions,and the number of toll lanes and the length of the tolling plaza should be determined,according to the composition of the vehicles through differential design.