“一带一路”地区资源环境多要素空间格局初探

Preliminary Investigation of the Spatial Patterns of Multiple Resources and Environmental Elements in "The Belt and Road" Area

"一带一路"倡议涉及区域覆盖亚非欧大陆,沿线国家自然资源丰富,发展潜力巨大。推进"一带一路"倡议的实施既是我国深化对外开放的需要,也是加强同亚非欧国家和世界各国合作的需要,对于强化农业资源环境保护和利用、积极拓展农业国际合作领域,实施农业走出去战略意义重大。本研究区选择与"一带一路"经济走廊紧密关联的64个国家,通过多源数据整合、处理和GIS分析,可视化揭示各国在资源环境方面的发展状况,在劳动力、市场、贸易与能源等方面的发展机遇,以及各国在灾害、健康、宗教与恐怖活动等方面面临的挑战。具体分析的数据类别涉及人口、农业发展、能源、科技、基础设施、经济贸易、国际合作和自然灾害等8大类,数据分析指标包括人口密度、人口增长率、劳动力人口、人口粗出生率、农业用地面积、农业用地百分比、耕地面积、耕地百分比、谷物产量等22个。结合各专题要素GIS空间布局,对"一带一路"地区资源环境多要素格局进行分析,并结合其发展机遇与挑战提出相关建议。

"The Belt and Road" initiative involves the regions of Asia, Africa and Europe. Countries along the route are rich in natural resources and have great potential for development. The initiative will enable China to further expand its Opening-up and to strengthen its mutually beneficial cooperation with countries in Asia, Africa, Europe and the rest of the world. Strengthening the protection and utilization of agricultural resources and environment, actively expanding the field of international cooperation in agriculture are of great importance to agricultural Going Global Strategy. This study investigated 64 countries closely associated with the "The Belt and Road" economic corridor.Through integration, processing and GIS analysis of data from multiple sources, the development status of various countries with respect to resources and the environment, as well as the opportunities to develop the labor force,market, trade and energy, and the challenges posed by disasters, health, religion and terrorism are presented.Specifically, eight major categories(population, agricultural development, energy, technology, infrastructure,economy and trade, international cooperation and natural disasters) were investigated based on 22 analytical indicators, including population density, population growth rate, labor force population, crude population birth rate,agricultural land area, agricultural land percentage, cultivated land area, cultivated land percentage, and grain yield.These data were combined in a GIS thematic map to analyze the multi-elemental patterns of resources and the environment for "The Belt and Road" region. Relevant suggestions based on its development opportunities and challenges were then proposed.