陕西澽水河水质现状评价与分析

Evaluation and Analysis of Water Quality of the Jushui River in Shaanxi Province

利用熵值法和单因子指数法对陕西澽水水质进行了评价。结果表明:①澽水水质呈区域性波动变化,薛峰水库至板桥镇段水质状况最佳,基本未受到污染,其次为板桥镇至土门口段,河流中度污染,水质最差的河段为澽水湿地公园至澽水入黄河交汇处,河流污染严重;②澽水河主要污染为总氮、总磷的超标,河流富营养化,造成的原因为河流附近农田化肥的流入;③针对澽水河污染状况,应建立隔离带,将农田与河流隔离,避免化肥流入,生活污水、建设工程废水经处理后再排放,防止污染的进一步加深,采取相应措施,改善已污染的区域。

The water quality of the Jushui River in Shaanxi Province was evaluated by means of entropy method and the improved single factor index evaluation method. The results showed that:(1) The water quality of Jushui River fluctuates regionally. The water quality in the section from Xuefeng Reservoir to Banqiao Town is the best and it is basically unpolluted, followed by the section from Banqiao Town to Tumenkou Town, where the river was moderately polluted. The section with the worst water quality is from Jushui River Wetland Park to the intersection of Jushui River and Yellow River, where the river was seriously polluted.(2) The main pollution of Jushui River was excessive total nitrogen and phosphorus, and the river is eutrophic, which is caused by the inflow of chemical fertilizer from farmland near the river.(3) According to the pollution situation of Jushui River, an isolation belt should be set up to isolate farmland from the river to avoid the inflow of chemical fertilizers. What’s more, to prevent further pollution, domestic sewage and construction waste water should be disposed of before being discharged and relative measures should be taken to improve the polluted areas.