杉木种子园无人机辅助授粉效果分析

Assisted Pollination of Chinese fir Seed Orchard UAV Effect Analysis

采用六轴旋翼无人机(型号SH-X6-10B)进行杉木种子园辅助授粉试验,比较不同飞行高度、飞行速度、授粉介质、花粉与介质配比、不同授粉方法的杉木座果率及作业效率。结果表明:无人机距树梢6~8 m飞行高度授粉的杉木座果率最高,达65.0%;飞行速度2~3 m·s^-1授粉的杉木座果率最高,达67.2%;以滑石粉为授粉介质的杉木座果率最高,达66.0%;花粉与介质(滑石粉)配比1∶50授粉的杉木座果率最高,达66.1%;无人机辅助授粉的杉木座果率比人工辅助授粉提高46.0%,比自然授粉提高117.5%;无人机辅助授粉的山地作业效率是人工辅助授粉的33倍。

Six-axis rotorcraft UAV(SH-X6-10 B) was used to conduct the assisted pollination experiment of Chinese fir seed orchard, and then seed setting rate and operating efficiency of Chinese fir were compared with different flying heights,flying speeds,pollination medias,pollen to medium ratio,and pollination methods.The results showed that a flight height at 6~8 m of uav from the treetop is the best height for fruit setting(65.0%) in Chinese fir.Chinese fir which pollinated with flying speed of 2~3 m·s-1 presents the highest fruit setting rate,reaching 67.2%.The seed setting rate of talc was the most suitable pollination medium for Chinese fir in a level of 66.0%.The ratio of pollen to talc at 1∶50 was the best combinations in fruit setting rate of Chinese fir,reaching 66.1%;Fruit setting rate by UAV increased by 46.0% and 117.5%,respectively, compared with that of artificial pollination and natural pollination.The efficiency by UAV is 33 times than that by manual pollination.