长江干线船舶废气排放核算模型

Model for Calculating Exhaust Emissions from Ships on Yangtze River

为加快推进长江航运废气排放控制工作,在充分借鉴国内外船舶排放清单有关研究的基础上,建立自下而上基于船舶引擎功率排放因子法的长江干线废气排放核算模型。运用长江干线船舶的船舶自动识别系统(Automatic Identification System, AIS)静态数据对船舶功率数据分船型及区段进行处理,确定长江干线不同船型和各船长区段船舶的代表功率,结合长江干线船舶航行分布特征引入断面积分方式对断面区间船舶废气排放进行核算。以长江干线某区段为例,根据该区段船舶流量统计数据及船舶AIS数据核算得到区段船舶废气排放清单,并对核算区段进行废气排放时空分布特征研究,结果表明:模型计算研究区段2015年度船舶各类废气的排放量,普通货船废气排放量约占研究区段各类排放量的80%,排放量相对较高的区段主要分布在港区河段。

The section integration method is introduced to establish a model to estimate the exhaust emissions from the ships on the Yangtze River. The emissions from one single ship are estimated according to its engine power and corresponding emission factor, which is ship type dependent and is determined based on reported statistics data. The emissions in a section of the river are calculated according to the traffic flow data and the ship type data from AIS(Automatic Identification System). The temporal and spatial distributions of the emissions are calculated. The emissions of a typical section in 2015 are calculated, showing that the emissions from general cargo ships account for about 80% of the total emissions, and the relatively high emission areas are mainly at the port areas.