猪粪沼液对籼稻农艺性状、产量和饲用品质的影响

Effects of digested pig slurry application on agronomic trait, yield and forage quality of indica rice

为推进生态养殖及粪尿发酵沼液合理资源化利用,试验设置了14个不同处理组(N1~N14),探索了其对籼稻农艺性状、产量和饲用品质的影响。结果表明:1)在本试验沼液施用量(N 40%~480%)范围内,籼稻总体长势、产量和品质都优于无氮施肥处理时;与常规施肥(N2)相比,除N3株高和N4分蘖数显著降低外,其他沼液施肥组株高、分蘖数和有效穗数均变化不显著(P>0.05)。2)随着沼液施用量的增加,与N2相比,N5和N8处理组稻谷增产效果较好,分别增加了9.5%(P>0.05)和8.9%(P>0.05);就地上部生物量而言,N8和N9分别增加了21.4%(P<0.05)和5.4%(P>0.05);N6~N9各处理组千粒质量有增加趋势,其中N7增加了11.3%(P<0.05);但当沼液超过N10处理(816t/hm2)施用量时,籼稻产量出现下降趋势,甚至低于常规施肥组(N2)。3)N5~N14各处理组籼稻糙米蛋白质含量都高于N1组,其中N7~N14处理组显著升高(P<0.05);而各处理组糙米直链淀粉含量与N2组相比有一定程度的减少。总体而言,在本试验条件下适量沼液施用比常规施肥更有利于籼稻的生长,当沼液控制在N8处理(612 t/hm^2)施用量时,可有效提高籼稻产量和饲用品质。

In order to promote ecological breeding and reasonable utilization of digested pig slurry from largescale biogas project, we designed 14 treatments (N1-N14) to explore the effects of biogas slurry application on agronomic trait, yield and forage quality of indica rice. The results showed that: 1) The overall growth, yield and quality were better than no nitrogen fertilizer treatment within the range of biogas slurry applied amount (N 40%- 480%);and compared with the conventional chemical fertilizer treatment (N2), except that the plant height of N3 treatment and tiller number of N4 treatment were both significantly lower, the plant height, tiller number and effective panicle number in other biogas slurry applied treatments changed no significance (P>0.05), presented the trend of increasing first and then decreasing. 2) Compared with the N2 treatment, with the increase of biogas slurry applied amount, the rice yield of N5 and N8 treatments increased by 9.5%(P>0.05) and 8.9%(P>0.05), respectively. As for the aboveground biomass, N8 and N9 treatments increased by 21.4%(P<0.05) and 5.4%(P> 0.05), respectively. The thousand seed mass of N6-N9 treatments indicated an increasing trend with N7 treatment significantly increasing by 11.3%(P<0.05). However, when the biogas slurry applied amount was above N10 (816 t/hm2), the yield of indica rice decreased, even lower than that of N2 treatment. 3) The protein contents of unpolished rice in N5-N14 treatments were higher than that of N1, with the treatments of N7-N14 markedly higher (P<0.05). The amylose contents of unpolished rice in N3-N14 decreased to a certain extent compared with the N2. All in all, application of proper biogas slurry is more conducive to the growth of indica rice than conventional chemical fertilizers in this test. Besides, biogas slurry can effectively improve the yield and forage quality of indica rice when the application amount of biogas slurry is 612 t/hm^2 (N8).