基于光纤光栅采动应力测试的冲击地压预警技术研究

Study on early warning technology of rock burst based on mining stress monitoring by fiber-grating

为了提高我国冲击地压预警的准确性,结合光纤光栅测量领域已取得的研究成果,利用光纤光栅钻孔应力计、解调分站作为煤矿井下1孔多点采动应力数据的采集、解调装置,以应力控制理论为指导,研发了以采动应力监测系统软件为数据采集、分析软件,应力梯度为预警指标的冲击地压动态预警技术,集成了基于采动应力测试技术的冲击地压预警系统。研究结果表明:该系统可应用于煤矿工作面采动应力监测和冲击地压动态预警,能准确揭示工作面受采动影响应力的变化情况,推导出工作面应力场的时空演化规律。为矿井冲击地压灾害的预测预警增加一种新方法,从而有效减少冲击地压事故的发生。

In order to improve the accuracy of rock burst monitoring,combined with the research results obtained in the field of fiber grating measurement,the fiber grating borehole stress meter and demodulation substation are used as the acquisition and demodulation of the multi-point mining stress data of the next hole in the coal mine,guided by stress control theory,the early warning system of rock burst was established based on the technique of mining stress monitoring,which collecte data by developed borehole stress meter,and demodulate data by fiber grating substation,and analyze data by the R&D mining stress system software.The study results showed that the system can be applied to the mining stress monitoring and dynamic pressure warning of coal mine working face,which can reveal the change of the working surface affected by mining dynamic stress accurately and derive the temporal and spatial evolution law of stress field.The system was added as a new method for prediction and early warning of mine rock burst disaster,thus effectively reducing occurrence of rock burst accidents.