不同形貌的g-C3N4的制备研究进展

Progress in Preparation of g-C3N4 with Different Morphologies

半导体光催化剂在解决能源短缺和环境污染问题等方面有着重要的应用前景。近年来,聚合物半导体g-C3N4由于其独特的电子结构、高的热稳定性和化学稳定性、不含金属组分、廉价、易合成等优点,受到了人们的广泛关注。然而,g-C3N4也存在缺点,如比表面积很小、带隙较宽、光生电子空穴对易复合等,这此缺点严重限制了它的实际应用。研究表明,不同结构和形貌会对g-C3N4产生重要影响,显著提高光催化性能。本文综述了各种不同形貌g-C3N4的制备方法,详细介绍了g-C3N4球、g-C3N4纳米片、g-C3N4纳米管和纳米棒的制备,并讨论了这些材料的光催化性能。最后,本文对g-C3N4材料的应用前景进行了展望。

Semiconductor photocatalysts have important application prospects in solving energy shortages and environmental pollution problems.In recent years,a polymer semiconductor g-C3N4 has received extensive attention due to its unique electronic structure,high thermal stability,metal-free composition,and low cost.However,g-C3N4 also has its own shortcomings,such as small specific surface area,wide band gap,photo-generated electron-hole pairs,and so on,which severely limits its practical application.Morphology regulation has an important influence on the electronic structure of g-C3N4,leading to the improvement of the photocatalytic activity.In this paper,the preparation methods of g-C3N4 with different morphologies,including g-C3N4 spheres,nanosheets,nanotubes and nanorods are reviewed.The effect of preparation method on the various morphologies and photocatalytic activities of the carbon nitride is also discussed.Finally,the future application of g-C3N4 materials is indicated.