“说卦”在诠释《易经》卦爻辞中的作用

On the Explaining of the Hexagrams in Book of Changes

《易经》六十四卦爻辞中有“阴阳”和谐的“天道”,也蕴含“自强、厚德、诫骄、守正、中正、和谐”等“人道”。历代哲学家、易学家解读《易经》六十四卦的卦爻辞,象数派一般注重“象数”进行解读;义理派一般注重“义理”进行解读;象数、义理兼容派一般既关注“象数”又重视“义理”进行解读。但是,任何派别对《易经》六十四卦卦爻辞的解读,都离不开《说卦》。朱熹说“易本是卜筮之书”,只有精道德教化通卦象,才能真正理解、阐释卦义。正因如此,历代哲学家大都借助《说卦》的象例解读《易经》六十四卦之卦爻辞,释其“天道”以明“人道”,从而阐释《易经》博大精深之意蕴。脱离《说卦》解读《易经》六十四卦之卦爻辞,一般会出现对人文关怀义理理解的偏颇问题。

In the 64 hexagrams of Book of Changes, there are “heaven's way” of “Yin and Yang” harmony, and “humanity” of “self-improvement”,“good morality”,“admonishing arrogance”,“upholding integrity”,“neutrality” and “harmony”. The School of Similarities generally pays attention to the interpretation of “image number”;the school of Righteousness generally pays attention to the interpretation of “righteousness principle”;the school of compatibility of image number and righteousness generally pays attention to both “image number” and “righteousness principle”. The interpretation of the 64 hexagrams is inseparable from Interpreting Diagram. Zhu Xi said that Book of Changes is a book of divination which can be understood through moral education. For this reason, philosophers of all dynasties mostly interpreted the 64 hexagrams in with the help of Interpreting Diagram.