基于国际经验的我国社会长期护理保险制度构建关键问题探讨

Discussion on the key issues in the construction of long term care insurance system in China based on international experience

根据融资渠道的不同,长期护理保障制度可分为政府财政筹资模式、社会护理保险模式、私营护理保险模式和医疗保障计划4种模式。从被保险人(缴费人群)、缴费设置、给付对象(待遇享有人群)、护理照顾等级的评定机构和方式、给付方式和内容5个角度,阐述了韩国、日本、德国和荷兰的长期护理保险制度的经验。在此基础上,对覆盖人群选择、财务筹资机制选择、经办管理机构的设置、筹资机制的设置、待遇确定机构和机制、待遇供给机制等6个构建我国长期护理保险制度的关键问题进行了探讨。

In this paper,according to different financing channels,long-term care security systems are divided four modes which are government financing mode,social nursing insurance mode,private nursing insurance mode and medical security plan mode.It states the experience of long-term nursing insurance system in Korea,Japan,Germany and the Netherlands from five perspectives such as the insured(capture expends the crowd),payment settings,payment objects(privileged group),evaluation institutions and methods of nursing care grade,payment methods and contents.On this basis,six key issues of constructing long-term care insurance system in China were discussed,including the choice of population coverage,the choice of financial financing mechanism,the establishment of management agencies,the establishment of financing mechanism,the establishment of treatment determination institution and mechanism and treatment supply mechanism.