精准扶贫视角下我国扶贫小额信贷实施力度的个案研究——以湖北省大悟县阳平镇为例

A Case Study on the Implementation of Micro-credit Program of Poverty Alleviation from the Perspective of Precise Poverty Alleviation——Taking Yangping Town,Dawu County,Hubei Province as an Example

采用实地访谈和问卷调查法,对湖北省大悟县阳平镇及贫困户进行调查,研究发现,地方政府积极推进精准扶贫小额信贷政策,取得了一定的成效,当地许多贫困户认同该政策对自己和家庭状况有不同程度的改善。但当地政府仍存在一些困惑,如贫困户自主创业理念不高,银行积极性不高,扶贫小额信贷资金用途不尽规范,放贷额度以及还款期限有所限制等。为此,需要当地政府继续发挥主导作用,深入领会扶贫政策,创新推进产业扶贫,引导贫困户参与优势产业发展;完善精准扶贫小额信贷资金偿还的激励和约束机制,强化精准扶贫小额信贷资金使用监测,协调银行适当提高信贷额度并延长还款期限;深入探索“金融扶贫+产业扶贫+财政支持+民政兜底”四元一体的精准扶贫模式。

Using interview method and questionnaire method, the paper has conducted a survey of local government staff and poverty-stricken households in Yangping Town, Dawu County, Hubei Province. The study found that local governments have actively promoted the micro-credit policy for poverty alleviation and achieved certain results. Many poverty-stricken households in the region believe that this policy will improve the situation of themselves and their families to varying degrees. But the government still face problems, including the awareness of self-employment of poverty-stricken households is not strong;banks are reluctant to participate in lending;the use of poverty alleviation microfinance funds is not standardized and poverty alleviation microfinance lending quota is low and its repayment period is short. To this end, the local government needs to continue to play a leading role, deeply understand the poverty alleviation policy, and innovate to promote industrial poverty alleviation. The government should continue to exert strength and guide poverty-stricken households to participate in the development of advantageous industries. The incentive and restraint mechanism for the repayment of microfinance funds for precision poverty alleviation and strengthening the monitoring of the use of microfinance funds for precision poverty alleviation should be strengthened. Banks may appropriately increase credit lines and extend repayment terms. As a result, the precise poverty alleviation model of “financial poverty alleviation + industrial poverty alleviation + financial support + civil affairs” should be established.