基于制度比较基础上的中国儿童福利政策转向

Children Welfare Policy Shift in China Based on Institutional Comparison

现代社会风险呼吁国家在儿童福利制度中的主导责任。纵观中西儿童福利发展历史,西方国家一直有较强的国家干预传统和全面的儿童福利理念,中国儿童福利制度安排最初聚焦于儿童生存权,且政府承担特殊儿童的有限照顾责任,二者在政府介入的广度和深度方面存在差别。随着与国际儿童福利发展接轨,中国儿童福利制度发展建立起儿童权利视角,从政府有限负责和家庭化逐渐转向政府主导的儿童福利社会化。

State-oriented children welfare system is called for to handle modern social risks. Throughout the history, western countries have a tradition of strong state intervention in children welfare with a comprehensive concept of children welfare;China’s children welfare policy initially focused on the right to subsistence with limited governments responsibilities towards special children. There are some differences in range and depth of government intervention. Having more connections with international standards, China’s children welfare system is establishing a view of children rights, and exploring a way of shifting from the limited government responsibility and domestication to state-oriented socialization of child welfare.