足月新生儿发生呼吸窘迫综合征的危险因素分析

Analysis of risk factors for respiratory distress syndrome in full-term newborns

目的探讨足月新生儿发生呼吸窘迫综合征的危险因素,为预防措施的制定提供依据。方法选择2017年2月至2018年8月枣庄市妇幼保健院收治的60例足月新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征患儿作为观察组,选择同期60例足月新生儿非呼吸窘迫综合征患者作为对照组,比较两组单因素分析和危险因素Logistic分析结果。结果观察组中胎龄<39周、出生窒息、选择性剖宫产、出生体质量<2500g、重症肺炎、胎膜早破及母亲糖尿病所占比例均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组血糖水平高于对照组,血白蛋白水平低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);经Logistic分析,胎龄<39周,出生窒息、选择性剖宫产、出生体质量<2500g、重症肺炎、胎膜早破、母亲糖尿病、高血糖及低白蛋白是呼吸窘迫综合征发生的危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05)。结论足月新生儿呼吸窘迫发生与选择性剖宫产、胎龄<39周、出生窒息、出生体质量<2500g、高血糖、低白蛋白血症及母亲糖尿病有关,可针对这些因素实施预防措施,改善新生儿预后。

Objective To investigate the risk factors of respiratory distress syndrome ( RDS) in full-term newborns, and to provide evidence for the formulation of preventive measures. Methods Sixty full-term neonates with RDS admitted to Zaozhuang Maternal and Child Health Hospital from February 2017 to August 2018 were selected as the observation group and 60 full-term neonates with RDS were selected as the control group. The results of univariate analysis and logistic analysis of risk factors were compared between the two groups. Results The proportions of gestational age < 39 weeks, birth asphyxia, selective cesarean section, body mass <2500 g, severe pneumonia, premature rupture of membranes and maternal diabetes in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0. 05);the blood sugar level of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the albumin level was lower than that of the control group. There were significant differences between the two groups ( P<0. 05 ) . Logistic analysis showed that birth asphyxia, selective cesarean section, body mass<2500 g, severe pneumonia, premature rupture of membranes, maternal diabetes, hyperglycemia and hypoalbumin were risk factors for RDS ( OR >1 , P<0. 05 ) . Conclusions RDS in full-term newborns is correlated with selective cesarean section, gestational age < 39 weeks, birth asphyxia, birth weight < 2500 g, hyperglycemia, hypoalbumin and maternal diabetes mellitus. Prevention measures should be made according to these factors to improve the prognosis of the infants.