镇巴县宫颈癌筛查结果分析及建议

Analysis and suggestions on screening results of cervical cancer in Zhenba county

目的了解镇巴县宫颈癌筛查结果并提出可行建议。方法通过对2900例30~65岁女性进行人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)、液基细胞学检查(TCT)以及阴道镜检查,对可疑人群进行活检,分析贫困县宫颈癌的发生情况。结果本次检查发现贫困已婚妇女宫颈癌患病率为525.8/10万,机关事业单位已婚妇女患病率为102.6/10万,贫困已婚妇女患病率显著高于机关事业单位已婚妇女,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。贫困已婚妇女HPV感染率为13.6%,机关事业单位已婚妇女HPV感染率为6.0%,贫困已婚妇女感染率显著高于机关事业单位已婚妇女,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。贫困已婚妇女TCT异常率为7.2%,机关事业单位已婚妇女TCT异常率为5.1%,贫困已婚妇女异常率显著高于机关事业单位已婚妇女,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。贫困已婚妇女癌前病变率为2.4%,机关事业单位已婚妇女癌前病变率为1.1%,贫困已婚妇女癌前病变率显著高于机关事业单位已婚妇女,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。阴道镜下对140人可疑病变进行活检,阳性率为32.14%(45/140)。结论镇巴县宫颈癌病情严重,是宫颈癌高发地区之一,宫颈癌防治的重点在农村,特别是贫困人口。

Objective To understand the results of cervical cancer screening in Zhenba county and put forward feasible suggestions. Methods A total of 2 900 women aged 30 to 65 years were examined by human papillomavirus (HPV), thinprep cytologic test (TCT) and colposcopy. The suspicious population was examined by biopsy. The incidence of cervical cancer in poor counties were analyzed. Results The prevalence of cervical cancer in poor married women was 525.8/100 000, and the prevalence of married women in government institutions was 102.6/100 000. The prevalence of poor married women was significantly higher than that of married women in government institutions, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The HPV infection rate of poor married women was 13.6%, and that of married women in government institutions was 6.0%. The infection rate of poor married women was significantly higher than that of married women in government institutions, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The abnormal rate of TCT of poor married women was 7.2%, and that of married women in government institutions was 5.1%. The abnormal rate of poor married women was significantly higher than that of married women in government institutions, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The rate of precancerous lesions in poor married women was 2.4%, and that in married women in government institutions was 1.1%. The rate of precancerous lesions in poor married women was significantly higher than that of married women in government institutions, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). One hundred and forty cases of suspicious lesions were biopsied under colposcopy, and the positive rate was 32.14%(45/140). Conclusion Zhenba county is one of the areas with high incidence of cervical cancer. The focus of prevention and treatment of cervical cancer is in rural areas, especially in poor people.