从尺规推演到算法生成——建筑设计中几何法则的更替

From the Deduction of Ruler and Compass to the Algorithm Generation: The Alternation of the Geometry Laws in Architectural Design

西方文化背景下建筑学与几何学有着密切关系。建筑设计的几何法则先后经历了欧氏几何、解析几何以及非欧几何。其中欧氏几何对建筑设计的影响最为深远,但人们对它的认识尚不全面。从欧氏几何到非欧几何,从尺规推演到计算机算法生成,建筑设计对空间有全新认知与定义。文章试图通过汇总三个时期典型建筑案例的几何特征,揭示建筑设计受几何学影响发生变化的规律,以及几何演绎工具换代后给建筑设计带来的全新挑战。

In the Western cultural context, architecture is closely related to geometry.The geometric laws which regulated the architectural form have gone through the Euclidean geometry,the analytic geometry,and then the non-Euclidean geometry.Especially for Euclidean geometry, it has the most profound influence on architectural design. But until now,few people can understand it comprehensively. From Euclidean geometry to non-Euclidean geometry,from ruler gauge to computer,there has been a brand new cognition and definition for space in architectural design.Through summarizing the geometric features of typical architectural cases in the three periods,this paper tries to reveal the changing rules of architectural design influenced by geometry, and the new challenges that the geometric deductive tools bring to architectural design.