北京某医院神经内科医院感染季节性差异及影响因素分析

Analysis of seasonal differences and influencing factors of nosocomial infection in neurology department of a hospital in Beijing

目的探讨北京地区季节变化对神经内科住院患者医院感染发病率的影响,为制定有效的医院感染预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法对2015年10月至2018年9月入住北京市顺义区医院的神经内科患者医院感染发生率进行回顾性分析。对比分析一个自然年内,每月的患者收治和医院感染情况。对可能引起医院感染季节性差异的影响因素进行对比分析。结果11922例患者总住院日117229天内发生医院感染225例,患者医院感染例次发生率为1.89%,日例次感染率为1.92‰。每年2、3、11月份是医院感染高发期,以呼吸系统感染为主。医院感染高发期患者平均住院日和脑出血占比高于其他月份(P<0.05)。结论初冬和早春季节是北京地区神经内科患者的医院感染高发期,应加强这一时期的医院感染防控和监测。

ObjectiveTo explore the influence of seasonal changes on the incidence of nosocomial infection in inpatients of neurology department in Beijing,and to provide scientific basis for formulating effective measures for prevention and control of nosocomial infection.MethodsThe incidence rate of nosocomial infection in neurological patients admitted to Shunyi District Hospital of Beijing from October 2015 to September 2018 was retrospectively analyzed.The monthly patient admissions and nosocomial infection during a year were compared.The influencing factors that might cause seasonal differences of nosocomial infections were compared and analyzed.ResultsIn 11 922 patients,225 cases of nosocomial infection occurred within 117 229 days of total hospitalization.The incidence rate of nosocomial infection was 1.89%,and the daily rate of nosocomial infection was 1.92‰.February,March and November were the periods of high incidence of nosocomial infection,mainly respiratory infections.The average hospitalization days and the proportion of cerebral hemorrhage in patients with high incidence of nosocomial infection were higher than those in other months,with statistically significant difference( P < 0.05 ).ConclusionEarly winter and early spring are the periods of high incidence of nosocomial infection in neurology patients in Beijing.The prevention,control and surveillance of nosocomial infection should be strengthened during the periods.