多目标约束下的民机舱室气流组织优化研究

Air Distribution Optimization for Civil Aircraft Cabin Based on Multi Objective Constraints

民机客舱内的气流组织和人体热舒适性受到送风形式、送风温度和风量等多种因素的影响。在现代民机舱室设计中,客舱新风的送风形式很大程度逐渐受限于舱室美学设计方案。本文采用CFD流体仿真技术,结合客舱内饰设计对民机客舱的热环境和舱内人体热舒适性进行研究。本文建立了适用于民机客舱热环境仿真的多目标优化方法,对新型行李箱结构设计下的顶部送风口的位置进行优化分析,优化结果能够明显改善民机客舱内的空气分布和乘客的热舒适性。研究发现新型行李箱结构会使得顶部新风产生贴壁流动的康达效应。康达效应会很大程度上改变顶部新风的流动轨迹,影响新风利用率和乘客的舒适性。

Air distribution and thermal comfort of human body in a civil aircraft cabin are affected by many factors,such as ventilation air temperature,air distribution system and air flow,etc.In these factors,the air distribution mode is largely limited by the interior aesthetics design results in model civil aircraft design.It is very necessary to optimize the air distribution mode for the civil aircraft.This paper adopts a new CFD fluid simulation technology,which is combined with cabin aesthetics design,to carry the thermal comfort design study for civil aircraft cabin.A multi-objective optimization method is used to automatically realize the CFD optimization design for the air distribution mode.The optimal outlet position of air distribution mode can be obtained.The optimization results can improve the air distribution performance and cabin thermal comfort around passengers.In addition,study results also show that the Coanda effect will change the flow path of the air supply and affect the utilization rate of fresh air and the comfort of passengers.