机载换热器工作包线计算及试验研究

Calculation and Experimental Study on Working Envelope of Airborne Heat Exchanger

机载环控用气液板翅式换热器,热边为循环冷却液,冷边为冲压空气,其换热量与飞行高度、飞行马赫数息息相关。为了确定换热器满足换热量要求的工作条件,提出一种额定换热器工作包线计算方法,对换热器进行参数计算和优化,最终得到符合技术要求的工作包线和换热器结构。选取工作包线上典型工作点,设计真空舱试验,模拟飞行高度和速度,对换热器换热性能进行测试。试验结果显示各工作点换热器换热量与额定换热量相差3.2%,表明工作包线计算方法可行、准确,可为同类换热器优化设计和工作包线计算提供参考。

The air-liquid plate-fin heat exchanger for aircraft environmental control is provided with circulating cooling liquid on the hot side and stamping air on the cold side.Its heat transfer is closely related to the flight height and Mach number.In order to determine the working conditions of the heat exchanger to satisfy the heat transfer requirements,a method for calculating the rated heat transfer work envelope is proposed,then the parameters of the heat exchanger are calculated and optimized,and finally the work envelope and the structure of the heat exchanger are obtained.The vacuum chamber test is designed by selecting the typical working point on the working envelope,the heat exchanger performance is tested by simulating flight height and speed.The experimental results show that the heat transfer of the heat exchanger at each working point is 3.2%different from the rated heat exchange amount,and the results show that the calculation method of work envelope is feasible and accurate,which can provide reference for the optimal design of similar heat exchangers and the calculation of work envelope.