《论衡》对《吕氏春秋》的评点与称引

Criticisms about and Quotations from Springs and Autumns of Master Lyu in Lun Heng

《论衡》作为"博通众流百家之言"的著作,对先秦子书、杂家代表作《吕氏春秋》颇为看重,其书直接评点《吕氏春秋》的有5条,称引《吕氏春秋》语句、典故的多达19条,此外称引吕书与其他典籍相同或相近的还有27条,共涉及《吕氏春秋》33篇文章,占全书篇目的近五分之一。《论衡》称引《吕氏春秋》多为论证的依据,或为批判的靶子,或作为验证的材料,概括叙述,简洁明了。从《论衡》评点、称引《吕氏春秋》,一方面可以看出《吕氏春秋》在东汉的接受与影响状况;另一方面,也可以看出《论衡》与《吕氏春秋》《淮南子》的关联嬗变关系。《论衡》是秦汉魏晋乃至隋唐《吕氏春秋》接受史上的桥梁与转折,其二重性的评价,对后世影响较大。

As a book collecting various schools of thought, Lun Heng attaches great importance to Springs and Autumns of Master Lyu, which is the magnum opus of the essays of pre-Qin philosophers. There are 5 direct criticisms on Springs and Autumns of Master Lyu, 19 referring statements and allusions in Lun Heng. In addition, there are 27 quotations in Springs and Autumns of Master Lyu, which are the same or similar to other classics, involving 33 articles of Springs and Autumns of Master Lyu, accounting for nearly one fifth of the total bibliography. The original of Springs and Autumns of Master Lyu, which Lun Heng quoted, is often as the evidence of arguments, or the target of criticism, or the verification of materials. All of them are introduced comprehensively,clear and concise. On the one hand, we can see the reception and influence of Springs and Autumns of Master Lyu in the Eastern Han Dynasty from the criticisms about and quotations from Springs and Autumns of Master Lyu in Lun Heng, on the other hand, we can see the connections and changes of Lun Heng, Springs and Autumns of Master Lyu and Huainanzi from the philological point of view.Lun Heng is the bridge and transition of the reception history from the Qin-Han to Wei-Jin and Sui-Tang Dynasties. The ambiguity of its evaluation has a great influence on the later generations.