新疆阿勒泰地区气候资源的空间分布特征

Study on Spatial Pattern of Climatic Resources in Xinjiang ALtay Area

应用新疆18个区域气象站(1961—2015年)和5个自动站(2010—2017年)的气象资料及中国数字高程模型,对阿勒泰地区55a日照时数、年均气温≥10℃积温、年降水量等气候要素的空间分布进行模拟分析,得到阿勒泰地区气候资源分布图。结果表明:阿勒泰地区年日照时数总体分布为东高西低,气温平原高于山区,且随着纬度、海拔高度的增加而逐渐降低冷10℃积温分布为南高北低,中部向东、西递减;四季降水不均匀,空间分布特点为山区≥丘陵地区≥平原。总而言之,阿勒泰南部热量及光照资源丰富,而降水资源相对较少;西北部地区降水充足,光照和热量资源相时短缺。

Based on data from 18 region weather stations during 1961-2017 and 5 automatic weather stations during 2010-2017 in Xinjiang Aletay area, the geographical coordinates of 23 meteorological stations and the global digital elevation map (GTOP030, DEM), the author analyzed the spatial pattern. Faveragely annual sunlight and temperature, accumulated temperature over 10 ℃, annual precipitation and obtained the climate resources pattern map. The results showed that the annual sunshine time was higher in east than west, The pattern of annual average temperature was higher in plain than in the mountains and gradually reduce with the increase of latitude and altitude;accumulated temperature over 10 were that south was higher than the north and from Center to the east west was on the increase. The precipitation of the four seasons was unusual non-uniform. Spatial distribution characteristics is greater mountain area than the ling area than the plain. Generally speaking, light and heat resource in the southern of Altay was rich , while precipitation was relatively short. But in the west region precipitation was rich , light and heat resource was relatively short.