肠神经胶质细胞在鸡小肠中的形态结构及分布规律研究

Research on Morphological Structure and Distribution of Enteric Glial Cells in Small Intestine of Chicken

为了探究肠神经胶质细胞(Enteric Glial Cells,EGCSs)在鸡小肠中的形态结构及分布规律,采用石蜡切片与改良的Holzer染色方法进行观察。结果表明,EGCs在鸡小肠各段的管壁中广泛分布。其中在黏膜上皮之间有少量分布,肠绒毛顶端的固有膜中聚集成群分布,固有膜的其它部位呈散在分布,小肠腺周围、腺细胞之间及黏膜肌层均有分布;粘膜下层和内环肌层数量多,呈散在分布,外纵肌层数量少。根据EGCSs形态特征可以将其分为4种类型。I型,胞体最大的星形细胞,突起多而粗大,数量较少;Ⅱ型,胞体呈椎体形或长杆状,突起粗大而少,数量较多;Ⅲ型,胞体较小的星形细胞,突起多而细小,数量多;Ⅳ型为胞体最小的圆形,突起少,数量最多.综合分析表明,肠神经胶质细胞具有四种类型,不同类型的肠神经胶质细胞广泛分布在小肠各段的黏膜层、黏膜下层和肌层,推测肠神经胶质细胞在鸡肠道功能调节中可能发挥重要作用。

In order to observe the morphological structure and distribution of enteric glial cells (EGCs) in chicken intestine, paraffin sections and modified Halzer staining were used to observe the EGCs. The results showed that EGCs was widely distributed in the wall of the small intestine.There were a small amount of mucosal epithelium, the propria of the villus tip of the intestine were clustered anil distributed in groups, the other parts of the propria were scattered, and the mucosal muscular layer and glands were scattered;the submucosal layer and the inner ring muscular layer were scattered , while the outer longitudinal muscular layer was less. According to the morphological characteristics of EGCs, it could be divided into 4 types. Type I, the largest astrocyte were less number, with more and larger processes;Type Ⅱ, the cell body was vertebral or long rod-shaped, with larger and less processes;Type Ⅲ, the smaller types were astrocyte, and more with more processes;Type Ⅳ, the smallest types were circle, its fewer processes and the largest number. There were four types of intestinal glial cells. Different types of enteric glial cells were widely distributed in the mucosa, submucosa and muscular layer of the small intestine.