基于COMSOL Multiphysics的建筑物防雷系统瞬态电流分析

Transient Current Analysis of Building Lightning Protection System Based on COMSOL Multiphysics

针对雷击建筑物引起的电磁干扰问题,提出用于分析建筑物防雷系统中瞬态电流的方法。采用基于有限元法的瞬态求解方法,不考虑雷电暂态现象产生的电场和磁场的相互耦合,建立建筑物复杂钢筋结构体的简化模型,得到钢筋各分支导体的瞬时冲击电流分布。与已有电路法和实验结果进行比较,验证了提出的瞬态求解方法的正确性。给出不同的导体参数,分析电流分布的影响。结果表明:钢筋导体的相对磁导率和雷电流波形的选取对电流分布的影响不大。为进一步分析雷击建筑物内暂态电磁的计算提供了理论依据。

Aimed at the electromagnetic interference problem caused by lightning strikes on buildings, this paper presents a method to analyze the transient current in the lightning protection system of buildings. By using the transient solution method based on the finite element method, and not considering the coupling of electric field and magnetic field caused by lightning transient phenomenon, a simplified model of the complex reinforced structure of buildings is established, and the instantaneous impulse current distribution of each branch conductor of reinforcement is obtained. Compared with the existing circuit method and experimental results, the correctness of the proposed transient solution method is verified. Different conductor parameters are given and the influence of current distribution is analyzed. The results show that the relative permeability of the reinforced conductor and the lightning current waveform have little effect on the current distribution. It provides theoretical basis for further analysis of transient electromagnetic calculation in lightning struck buildings.