医学生手机成瘾倾向与拖延元认知的相关性研究

A Study on the Correlation between Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency and Delayed Metacognition in Medical Students

目的:探讨医学生手机成瘾倾向与拖延元认知的相关性,为高等院校学生教育及管理工作者制定相关干预策略提供数据参考。方法:随机分层抽取640名医学生,采用自制一般情况调查量表、手机成瘾倾向量表(SAPS)、拖延元认知量表(MPBQ)进行问卷调查。结果:医学生SAPS平均得分(35.70±7.22)分,手机成瘾倾向率27.5%,MPBQ平均得分(25.54±5.23)分;不同年级、每天使用手机时间不同的医学生,手机成瘾倾向率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);SAPS总分及其4个维度与MPBQ总分及消极元认知信念呈正相关(P<0.01);消极元认知信念、积极元认知信念是潜在风险手机成瘾倾向的危险因素,消极元认知信念、大一年级是高风险手机成瘾倾向的危险因素,每天使用手机时间≤5h是高风险手机成瘾倾向的保护因素。结论:拖延元认知是医学生手机成瘾倾向的影响因素。高校管理者需引导积极元认知信念相对占优势的个体端正对待拖延行为的态度,着重培养消极元认知信念相对占优势个体获取积极的拖延元认知知识与策略,改善医学生手机成瘾倾向现状。

Objective To explore the correlation between medical students'mobile phone addiction tendency and procrastina tion metacognition,and to provide data reference for education and administrators in higher education.Methods 640 medical students were selected randomly and stratified,and questionnaires were conducted using self-made general situation survey scale,mobile phone addiction tendency scale(SAPS)and delayed metacognition scale(MPBQ).Results The mean scores of SAPS of medical students(35.70±7.22),the tendency rate of mobile phone addiction(27.5%),and the average score of MPBQ(25.54±5.23);There were statistically significant differences in the rates of mobile phone addiction among medical students in different grades and at different times of using mobile phones every day(P<0.05).The total scores of SAPS and four dimensions were positively correlated with the total scores of MPBQ and negative metacognitive beliefs(P<0.01).Negative metacognitive be liefs and positive metacognitive beliefs are potential risk factors for mobile phone addiction.Negative metacognitive beliefs and freshman year are risk factors for high-risk mobile phone addiction.Conclusion Delayed metacognition is the influencing factor of mobile phone addiction tendency of medical students.College administrators should guide the individuals with relatively dominant positive metacognitive beliefs to treat the procrastinating behavior correctly,focus on cultivating the individuals with relatively dom inant negative metacognitive beliefs to acquire positive metacognitive knowledge and strategies,and improve the current situation of medical students'mobile phone addiction tendency.