当前规划界在社会公正价值观上的认识分歧

DIVERGENT STANDPOINTS IN CURRENT URBAN PLANNING CIRCLES ON SOCIAL JUSTICE

基于当前规划领域对社会公正问题讨论的思考、笔者认为当前规划界在社会公正价值观上存在认识分歧。本文提出了6个问卷问题:(1)人和人应该是平等的吗?(2)人应该被区分等级对待吗?(3)创造社会公正和创造社会福利是一样的吗?(4)不同经济收入的人,在城市中享受不同等级的公共服务(教育、医疗)是公正的吗?(5)城市将劳动密集产业转移出去,流动人口转移走是公正的吗?(6)落后地区在追求发展时,牺牲掉一些社会公正性来换取城市的发展,你觉得是公正的吗?基于这些问题,研究面向规划管理者、学者、设计师和学生进行了网络问卷调查,分析685份答卷在“基础价值观”、“城市权利分配”和“妥协性倾向”上的答案组合模式及其与受访者职业、性别和年龄的关系,希望由此透视当前规划界在社会公正价值观上的认识差异。

Through reflections on recent discussions on the issue of social justice in planning,this paper holds that there is a divergence of values in the planning circles,for which six questions are raised:(1)Are all men created equal?(2)Should people in various classes be treated differently?(3)Are“social justice"and"social welfare"the same?(4)Is it socially just to provide different public services(i.e.,education and medical care)to people according to their economic status?(5)Is it socially just to evict labor-intensive industries or floating population during the upgrading of a city?(6)Is it just to compromise social justice in order to pursue development,especially in less-developed regions?Using these questions,this research conducted an online survey among planning officials,academics,practitioners,and students.From the 685 questionnaires collected,this paper analyzed the composition of answers on the issues of"basic values","distribution of rights to the city”,and"tendency towards compromise",as well as their relationships with the occupation,gender,and age of the respondents,which clearly demonstrates divergent standpoints in the current urban planning circles on social justice issues.