多功能蛋白聚糖类及其相关分子在多发性骨髓瘤中的研究进展

Research progress of versicans and its related molecules in multiple myeloma

多发性骨髓瘤(MM)为生发后中心来源的、终末分化B细胞肿瘤,约占全部肿瘤的1%。近年来,随着免疫疗法在MM中的应用,MM的治疗取得了显著进展。但是,由于MM通常伴高度异质的细胞遗传学与分子生物学异常,几乎全部患者最终会复发或者对治疗产生耐药性,MM患者的预后仍然差。多功能蛋白聚糖(VCAN)为一种硫酸软骨素蛋白多糖,是细胞外基质(ECM)的主要成分,其结构域通过与多种分子相互作用,从而调节多种细胞的黏附、增殖、凋亡、迁移及血管生成。VCAN在MM的恶性转化与进展中,亦发挥关键作用,并且与MM的复发及患者预后不良相关。笔者拟就VCAN及其相关分子在MM中的研究进展进行综述,旨在进一步了解VCAN及其相关分子在MM发生、发展中的意义,为MM的诊断、免疫治疗及预后评估提供新思路。

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a neoplasm of post-germinal center, terminally differentiated B cells, accounting for about 1% of all tumors. In recent years, with the application of immunotherapy in MM, significant progress has been made in the treatment of MM. However, MM is usually accompanied by highly heterogeneous cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities. Almost all MM patients end up with relapsing or developing drug resistance to treatment, and the prognosis of MM patients is still poor. Versican (VCAN) is a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, the domain of extracellular matrix (ECM) regulates cell adhesion, proliferation, apoptosis, migration and angiogenesis by interacting with a variety of molecules. VCAN also plays a key role in the malignant transformation and progression of MM and is associated with the recurrence of MM and the poor prognosis of the patients. This article reviews the research progress of VCAN in MM and its related molecules in order to further understand the significance of the occurrence and development of VCAN and its related molecules in MM, to provide a new way for the diagnosis, immunotherapy and prognosis evaluation of MM.