2015～2017年太原市诺如病毒感染性腹泻流行病学特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of norovirus infectious diarrhea,Taiyuan city,2015-2017

目的了解太原市诺如病毒感染性腹泻的分布特征,为诺如病毒感染性腹泻流行制定相应预防对策提供科学依据。方法通过2015~2017年国家食品安全风险监测平台及山西省食源性疾病致病因子与病因性食品溯源平台收集1 031例感染性腹泻患者流行病学资料并检测粪便样本,对诺如病毒阳性患者的流行病学资料进行统计分析。结果 2015~2017年粪便样本诺如病毒阳性患者共91例、占总病原微生物阳性样本数的58.71%,各年份间阳性率分别为9.38%、11.22%、6.68%(P>0.05)。诺如病毒阳性患者男性(63例)多于女性(28例)(P<0.01),<5岁年龄组人数最多(78例)(P<0.01),2~6月诺如病毒阳性检出率较高,患者以消化道系统症状为主,腹泻发生率为100.00%,患者发病前进食的可疑食品以水果类及其制品最多(26.60%)。结论太原市感染性腹泻病原体以诺如病毒为主,春末夏初高发,婴幼儿为高危人群。

Objective To understand the distribution characteristics of norovirus infected diarrhea in Taiyuan city during 2015-2017,so as to provide scientific basis for developing appropriate preventive measures. Methods A total of 1 031 infectious diarrhea patients were collected from the national food safety risk monitoring platform and pathogenic factors and etiology food traceability platform for foodborne diseases in Shanxi province,and the faecal samples were detected.Statistical analysis was used to analyze the epidemiological data on norovirus-positive patients. Results A total of 91 norovirus infected patients in Taiyuan from 2015 to 2017 was found,accounting for 58.71% of the number of positive pathogenic microorganism samples.The positive rate was 9.38%,11.22% and 6.68% respectively during the 3 years(P>0.05).The number of male patients(63 cases) with norovirus positive was higher than it of female(28 cases)(P<0.01).Children aged <5 years old had the highest number of patients(78 cases)(P<0.01).Norovirus positive detection rate was higher during February-June,the main symptom was digestive system symptoms,and the incidence of diarrhea was 100%.Suspicious food that patients eat before illness were mainly fruits and the products(26.60%). Conclusion Infectious diarrhea in Taiyuan city is mainly caused by norovirus infection,which peaks in late spring and early summer,and infants and young children are at high risk.