2017年龙岩市市属中小学学生常见病监测结果分析

Analysis on the common diseases monitoring results among students in municipal primary and secondary schools,Longyan city,2017

目的了解龙岩市市属学校不同年龄段学生常见病基本情况,为进一步采取健康干预措施和加强学校卫生工作管理提供科学依据。方法 2017年整群分层抽样方法选取市属2所小学、2所初中、2所高中的在校学生开展常见病监测。结果 2017年共抽检市属中小学生10 120人,视力不良、龋齿、超重、肥胖、营养不良检出率分别为72.95%、21.81%、9.52%、8.68%、7.96%。小学生(7~12岁)检出率分别是61.30%、41.10%、11.33%、9.94%、7.72%;初中生(13~15岁)检出率分别是74.36%、10.12%、13.03%、7.99%、9.58%;高中生(16~18岁)检出率分别是83.42%、8.68%、6.21%、7.99%、9.58%,不同学龄段差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。男生检出率分别为68.13%、21.92%、13.83%、11.85%、8.07%;女生检出率分别为77.77%、21.70%、7.07%、5.51%、7.86%,除龋齿率外,不同性别差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 2017年市属中小学生视力不良率随年龄段上升而上升,龋齿率随年龄段上升而下降,营养不良率与超重、肥胖率呈双高峰。

Objective To understand the status of common diseases among students at different age groups in municipal schools in Longyan city,so as to provide scientific reference for taking further health intervention measures and strengthening management of school health work. Methods Cluster stratified sampling method was used to select 2 primary schools,2 junior middle schools and 2 senior high schools in the city to carry out common disease monitoring in 2017. Results A total of 10 120 municipal primary and secondary school students were selected,and the detection rate of poor vision,dental caries,overweight,obesity and malnutrition was 72.95%,21.81%,9.52%,8.68% and 7.96%,respectively.The detection rate of students aged 7-12 years was 61.30%,41.10%,11.33%,9.94% and 7.72% respectively,it of students aged 13-15 years was 74.36%,10.12%,13.03%,7.99% and 9.58% respectively,and it of students aged 16-18 years was 83.42%,8.68%,6.21%,7.99% and 9.58% respectively.There was statistically significant difference among different age groups(P<0.01).The detection rate of male was 68.13%,21.92%,13.83%,11.85% and 8.07%,respectively,and it of female was 77.77%,21.70%,7.07%,5.51% and 7.86%,respectively.There was statistically significant difference in the detection rate between genders except for dental caries(P<0.01). Conclusion The rate of poor eyesight among municipal primary and middle school students increases with age,the rate of dental caries decreases with the increase of age,and the rate of poor nutrition and overweight and obesity shows double peaks in 2017.