扶贫瞄准的执行偏差与路径优化

The Implementation Deviation and Path Optimization of Anti-poverty Targeting Mechanism

党的十九大报告要求“坚持精准扶贫、精准脱贫”,精准脱贫要求高质量的扶贫瞄准。现行扶贫对象瞄准在实际执行过程中具有突出的资源配额制特征,导致瞄准精度不高,出现了瞄准偏差,制约了高质量的脱贫退出,扶贫瞄准模式亟需转变。认证制强调微观识别,具有“强规则”和“弱数量”的管理特征,是十九大后脱贫攻坚的必然选择,也是国家治理现代化和精准扶贫的内在要求。目前推行扶贫认证制所需的经济与制度基础已基本具备,可以通过建立区域化的收入核查体系、制定科学与统一的认证规则以及规范认证权力的监督机制三个维度,构建扶贫认证瞄准体系,实现扶贫瞄准从配额制到认证制的转变,切实提高脱贫成效、巩固脱贫成果。

The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China requires "to persist in targeting poverty alleviation and precision poverty alleviation".Taking targeted measures in poverty alleviation and targeted poverty alleviation requires high -quality anti -poverty targeting mechanism. However, taking aim at poverty objects reveals the prominent characteristics of quota system in the actual implementation process, this causes the low precision of aim, aiming deviation as well as the urgent need to change the mode of anti-poverty targeting mechanism,and restricted the high quality of poverty alleviation. Accreditation system emphasizes on microscopic identification, the Management Characteristics of "Strong Rules" and "Small Quantity" is the inevitable choice for getting rid of poverty after the 19th National Congress, and it is also the intrinsic requirement of the modernization of the State Governance and taking targeted measures in poverty alleviation. Additionally, at present, the country has established the foundation of institution and economy for the implementation of the certification of poverty alleviation, which is allowed to improve the effectiveness of poverty alleviation and consolidate the achievements of targeted poverty alleviation through establishing the regional revenue verification system, formulating scientific and unified certification rules, standardizing the supervision mechanism of power authentication as well as constructing the aiming system of poverty alleviation certification and realizing the transform of the anti-poverty targeting mechanism from quota system to authentication system.