轨道交通车站冷却塔设置方案分析与评价

Analysis and Evaluation of Cooling Tower Installation Scheme for Rail Transit Stations

以北京轨道交通车站冷却塔设置方案为研究对象,将冷却塔的设置类型分为地面开敞设置、建筑屋面设置、地下风道设置等封闭空间设置3种形式,并从设备技术成熟度、功能实现、系统可靠性、运营维护经验等方面进行总结,目前应用最成熟的方式仍是地面放置。通过对典型问题案例和成功案例的分析,提出运行效果与环保、景观措施的合理融合是需要重点思考和解决的问题。确定冷却塔的运行效果、环境影响及景观影响作为冷却塔设置方案的评价因子,通过分析得出,不同建设时期车站冷却塔的设置对于周边环境及景观的影响程度不同,冷却塔普遍运行效果达标但仍需关注运营维护便捷与设备水平等因素,环保措施仍存在改进空间,冷却塔景观措施仍需加强。提出轨道交通车站冷却塔设置应注重功能与对外影响的协调统一,严格控制设备技术水平,采用多途径的方案解决地面无条件设置冷却塔的难题,引入多方协同的冷却塔景观设计理念。

This paper focuses on the setting scheme of cooling tower in Beijing railway station. The setting schemes of the cooling tower are divided into three types (open ground setting, building roof setting, underground air duct and other closed spaces) and determined from the technical maturity of the equipment, function, reliability of the system, and operation and maintenance history. However, the best scheme is open ground setting. Through the analysis of typical problem cases and successful cases, the rational integration of the operation effect with environmental protection and landscape measures is the main problem to be solved. Moreover, the evaluation of the operation effect, environmental impact and landscape influence of the cooling tower is considered as the evaluation of the cooling tower setting scheme.The degree of influence of the cooling tower in different construction periods on the vicinity and landscape is different. The general operation effect of the cooling tower is adequate. However, factors such as convenient operation and maintenance and equipment level, and environmental protection measures need to be considered while the cooling tower landscape measures need to be consolidated. Therefore, the cooling tower setting should consider the coordination and unification of function and external influence, strictly control the technical level of the equipment, unconditionally set cooling tower on the ground, and design the cooling tower through coordinated among different players.