城市轨道交通应急预案编制与优化

Preparation and Optimization Suggestions on Urban Rail Transit Emergency Plan

城市轨道交通系统在近10年来得到飞速的发展,已成为城市公共交通运输系统的骨干运输力量。正因其客流吸引范围大,影响范围广,如遇突发事件将造成严重后果。由此,根据城市轨道交通行业相关规范对运营单位级应急预案的划分,提出构建“1+N+X”的应急预案文本体系。在此基础上,进一步分析城市轨道交通运营突发事件的类别,提出构建“四个大类,三个层级”的运营单位级应急预案管理体系。结合运营生产实践,总结出城市轨道交通应急预案编制的主要步骤,并提出“全面”、“简明”、“适用”、“明晰”、“保鲜”等应急预案优化原则。同时,对重庆轨道交通在编制应急预案方面的创新成果加以剖析。最后,整理近年来国家在自然灾害应急救援活动中的创新成果,并总结出值得城市轨道交通运营单位学习和借鉴的方法。

The urban rail transit system has undergone rapid developments over the past ten years such that it plays an important role in urban public transport systems. However, unexpected events in the system incur serious public consequences when it transports more passengers and strongly influences public transport. Therefore, this paper proposes a "l+N+X” system emergency plan based on relevant specifications of the urban rail transit industry at the operation unit level. Moreover, the classification of urban rail transit emergency events is discussed, and an emergency plan management system for the operation of a unit level of “fbur major categories and three levels" is proposed. This paper also summarizes the major steps in the preparation of emergency plans in urban rail transit and proposes optimized principles of "comprehension”,"simplification","application","conciseness”,and "updating", based on operation practice. Furthermore, it analyzes the innovation of Chongqing Rail Transit in the preparation of emergency plans. Finally, this paper summarizes the performance of the innovation of the national natural disaster emergency rescue activities in recent years. It also proposes methods that are valuable to urban rail transit institutions.