十二指肠非壶腹部神经内分泌肿瘤内镜下切除的回顾性研究

Endoscopic resection for non-ampullary duodenal neuroendocrine tumors: a retrospective study

目的评价内镜超声检查术(EUS)判断十二指肠非壶腹部神经内分泌肿瘤大小和浸润深度的准确性,并对比内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)和改良ESD治疗十二指肠非壶腹部神经内分泌肿瘤的有效性和安全性。方法以2007年1月至2018年1月于中国人民解放军总医院接受ESD(ESD组)或改良ESD(改良ESD组)治疗的22例十二指肠非壶腹部神经内分泌肿瘤患者为研究对象,回顾性纳入患者临床资料。22例患者中,13例行ESD,9例行改良ESD。对比分析ESD组和改良ESD组整块切除率、R0切除率、手术时间、手术相关并发症发生率等指标。以术后病理结果为金标准,评估术前EUS判定病变大小和浸润深度的准确率。结果22例十二指肠非壶腹部神经内分泌肿瘤大小为(6.9±1.5)mm。与术后组织病理学结果相对照,内镜超声评估病变浸润深度的准确性为95.5%(21/22)。ESD组和改良ESD组的R0切除率分别为13/13和7/9(100.0%比77.8%,P=1.000)。改良ESD组在手术时间上显著短于ESD组[(16.0±2.2) min比(29.8±4.9)min,P<0.001]。ESD组发生1例术中穿孔和1例迟发穿孔,改良ESD组发生1例迟发出血。术后22例患者均成功进行了随访,随访时间为(30.0±24.8)个月。随访期间无患者发生局部复发或者远处转移。结论内镜超声可以准确评价十二指肠非壶腹部神经内分泌肿瘤的大小和浸润深度。对于直径≤10 mm,浸润深度局限在黏膜下层的十二指肠非壶腹部神经内分泌肿瘤,改良ESD可以获得与ESD相当的临床治疗效果。

Objective To assess the diagnostic accuracy of preoperative endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) for tumor size and invasion of non-ampullary duodenal neuroendocrine tumors (NA-DETs) and to compare the efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and modified ESD for the treatment of NA-DETs. Methods Data of 22 patients with 22 NAD-NETs confirmed by histopathological examinations from January 2007 to January 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. ESD was performed on 13 tumors, and modified ESD was performed on 9 tumors. R0 resection rate, procedure time and incidence of procedure-related complications in the ESD group and the modified ESD group were compared. The postoperative pathological results were used as the gold standard to assess the accuracy of preoperative EUS in diagnosing tumor size and invasion of NA-DETs. Results The mean size of NA-DETs was 6.9±1.5 mm. The accuracy in assessing the invasion depth by EUS was 95.5%(21/22) compared with histological results. R0 resection was achieved in 13/13 (100.0%) of the ESD group and in 7/9 (77.8%) of the modified ESD group (P=1.000). The procedure time was significantly shorter in the modified ESD group than that in the ESD group (16.0±2.2 min VS 29.8±4.9 min, P<0.001). Intraoperative perforation occurred in one patient and delayed perforation occurred in one patient in the ESD group. Delayed bleeding occurred in one patient in the modified ESD group. Follow-up data were available in all cases with a mean period of 30.0±24.8 months. No cases of local recurrence or distant metastasis were detected in the follow-up period. Conclusion EUS can accurately assess the size and depth of NAD-NETs. Modified ESD can provide comparable clinical outcomes to ESD for NAD-NETs ≤10 mm in diameter that are confined to the submucosa.