中国外交70年专家谈(之二)——周边关系和发展中国家外交

Diplomacy in the Neighborhood and with Developing Countries——Chinese Diplomacy at Seventy: Review and Outlook (Part Two)

自2019年1月以来,为了对新中国成立70年来的中国外交进行深入研究,上海国际问题研究院中国外交70年课题组牵头组织了十场专题研讨会,邀请国际问题研究界的百位学者围绕相关问题展开讨论。研讨范围涵盖中国外交的时代与背景、经验与启示、实践与政策、大国外交、区域与国别外交、领域外交、发展中国家外交、周边外交、中等国家关系等方面。从上期起,本刊选编部分专家观点,连续刊发中国外交70年专家谈。本期主要选编周边关系和对发展中国家外交方面内容。有关专家认为,中国与发展中国家关系历经风雨,砥砺前行,推动了双方的同步发展。随着国际体系转型进入关键期,中国对发展中国家外交应重点从战略自觉、战略实惠和战略机制三方面推出系统性举措。与周边邻国的关系始终是中国外交的重要方向。“周边”是当代中国特殊的外交地理概念,“周边外交”体现出相关外交工作的特殊性、复杂性与重要性。着眼于世界面临的百年变局,对中印关系,需要从能源安全、地缘经济和战略关系方面入手,进行全面把握。东南亚国家是“一带一路”沿线的重要邻邦,这些国家与中国的关系发展既有历史纵深,又有现实需求,为深化与东南亚邻国的合作,持续保持双方关系的活力,我们需要积极进行战略谋划。

This Part Two of the series of articles marking China’s diplomacy at seventy deals with Chinese diplomacy in the neighborhood and with developing countries. The relations between China and developing countries have seen its ups and downs, but they are always moving forward and developing together. As the transformation of the international system is at a critical juncture, China should promote the diplomacy with developing countries in three aspects: strategic consciousness, strategic benefit, and strategic mechanism. Relations with neighboring countries have always been an important part of Chinese diplomacy.“Neighborhood” is a special geographic concept in Chinese diplomacy.“Neighborhood diplomacy” implies the complexity and importance of the diplomacy in the areas. As for Sino-Indian relations, China needs to focus on energy security, geoeconomy, and strategic relations. Southeast Asian countries are China’s important neighbors along the “Belt and Road.” The development of China’s relations with these countries is characterized by both historical friendship and practical needs. In order to deepen cooperation with Southeast Asian neighbors, China should proactively carry out strategic planning to maintain the vitality of bilateral relations.