日本学术思想史的变革

The Changes in the History of Japanese Academic Thoughts

本文以中日学术思想交涉的“复眼的视域”,抽绎日本学术思想史上划时代的关键,论考其变革的究竟。近代以来,东洋史学是代表明治时代的新学问。对于日本的学术,或从文化史学的视角、传统儒学史的远绍,探究日本儒学史的流变;或用西洋哲学史的方法,析理江户时代各学派的哲学;或以思想史的视野,架构日本思想史;或以“国文学”的观点,论述日本汉文学史。对经学的研究,古代王室与明经家于五经的解读,江户儒者于经书的注释,近代京都中国学者于经书的研究,或可谓之为“日本经学研究系谱”。中国戏曲杂剧古典小说的研究是大正至昭和前期中国文学研究中的显学。京都中国学者的敦煌学与世界汉学并驾齐驱,清代历史与文学的研究早于中国与欧美的学界。汉字与儒学架构了汉字文化圈与儒学文化圈,形成东亚文化。如果内藤湖南以气象的流动,说明中国学问于一百五六十年后,漂洋渡海影响日本,以螺旋循环史观,论述中日学术相互影响,是中日学术文化交流史的事实,则民国以来,研究百年的中国学,或当代高呼的“新国学”与“新汉学”,是否能在21世纪成为东亚汉字儒学文化圈之中国学研究者的思维方式与论理结构,则是当今中国研究者的历史定位。

On the perspective of "compound eye" in exchange between Chinese and Japanese academic thoughts,the paper draws the key to the epoch-making history of Japanese academic thoughts and discusses the changes. In modern times, Asia history is a new study that represents the Meiji Era, which explored the evolution of Japanese Confucianism from the perspective of cultural historiography and the history of traditional Confucianism, or used the method of Western philosophy history to analyze the philosophy of the various schools of the Edo period, or structured the history of Japanese thought on the vision of the history of thought, or discussed the history of Japanese Chinese literature from the perspective of "national literature". In the study of Confucian classics, the interpretation of the ancient royal family and the Ming dynasty in the Five Classics, the annotation of the Edo Confucian scriptures,and the study of the modern Chinese scholars in Kyoto, are referred to as the "Japanese pedigree research pedigree ".The study of Chinese opera and classical novels is the prominent school in the study of Chinese literature in the early period of Dazheng to Zhaohe.The Dunhuang studies of Chinese scholars in Kyoto and the world of Sinology are on the same page. The study of history and literature in the Qing Dynasty preceded the academic circles of China and the West. Chinese characters and Confucianism have structured the Chinese character culture circle and the Confucian cultural circle, forming the East Asian culture. If that Naito Konan's meteorological movement shows the mutual influence between Chinese and Japanese scholarship is a fact in the history of Sino-Japanese academic and cultural exchanges, then that whether the study of Chinese studies in the past 100 years, or the contemporary "new Chinese studies" and "new Sinology" can become the thinking mode and logical structure of Chinese scholars in the East Asian Chinese Confucian cultural circle in the 21st century is the historical position for Chinese researchers today.