静电纺丝法制备聚碳酸酯基聚氨酯纳米纤维的研究

Study on Preparation of Polycarbonate-based Polyurethane Nanofibers by Electrospinning Process

以N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)和四氢呋喃(THF)为混合溶剂配制聚碳酸酯基热塑性聚氨酯(PU)纺丝溶液,通过静电纺丝法制备PU纳米纤维。重点研究了纺丝溶液浓度、混合溶剂中DMF和THF的体积比、纺丝电压和纺丝溶液流速对PU纳米纤维形态、直径及其分散性的影响。结果发现,纺丝液浓度为12%,混合溶剂中DMF与THF体积比为1 ∶1,纺丝电压为10 kV,纺丝溶液流速为0.8 mL/h时,通过静电纺丝法制得的PU纳米纤维粗细均匀,表面光滑,纤维之间无粘连现象,形成的纳米纤维膜空隙率高。

A polycarbonate-based thermoplastic polyurethane (PU) spinning solution was prepared by using N,N -dimethylformamide (DMF) and tetrahydrofuran (THF) as a mixed solvent, and polycarbonate-based PU nanofibers were fabricated by electrospinning process. The effect of the concentration of the spinning solution, the volume ratio of DMF and THF in the mixed solvent, the spinning voltage and the flow rate of the spinning solution on the morphology, diameter and diameter distribution of the PU nanofibers was mainly investigated. The results showed that, the PU nanofibers with uniform diameter, smooth surface and no adhesion between the fibers were obtained based on the spinning solution concentration of 12%, 1 ∶1 volume ratio of DMF to THF in the mixed solvent, the spinning voltage of 10 kV and the spinning solution flow rate of 0.8 mL/h, and the formed nanofibrous membrane had a high porosity.