几种高分子乳化剂在乳化炸药中的性能研究

Study on the properties of several polymeric emulsifiers in emulsion explosives

选取几种不同性能指标的聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺类高分子乳化剂,通过低剪切乳化、低浓度乳化(乳化剂质量占基质比:0.1%)测试了乳化剂的乳化能力;按照现场散装乳化炸药配方制备了乳化基质,通过动力黏度、自然储存、高低温循环、超声波法等评价了基质的基本性能,测定了乳化炸药的敏化速率和初始爆速。结果表明:EMU-3高分子乳化剂制备的乳化基质储存稳定性和抗颠簸性能好,基质黏度适中,敏化速率适宜,炸药爆速达4436m/s,适宜于现场散装乳化炸药的生产。

The emulsifying ability of several polyisobutylene succinimide polymeric emulsifiers with different indexes was tested by low shear emulsification and low concentration emulsification(the mass ratio of emulsifier to matrix is 0.1%).The emulsion matrix was prepared with the emulsifiers according to the formula of site mixed emulsion explosives,and the basic properties of the matrix were evaluated by dynamic viscosity,natural storage,high-low temperature cycle and ultrasonic method.The sensitizing rate and detonation velocity of the emulsion explosive were also determined.The results showed that the emulsion matrix prepared by EMU-3 emulsifier has good storage stability,anti-bump performance,moderate matrix viscosity,suitable foaming rate and the detonation velocity reaches 4 436 m/s,which is suitable for the production of site mixed emulsion explosives.