失独者自传体记忆的内容:中国文化的影响（英文）

The Autobiographical Memory Content of Shiduers: The Influence of Chinese Culture

目的:探索失独者自传体记忆的内容及中国文化的影响。方法:采用自传体记忆测量法(Autobiographical Memory Test, AMT)对17位失独者进行研究,即依次向研究参与者呈现10个预先准备好的线索词,引发研究参与者的自传体记忆,并根据所得资料分析其自传体记忆内容的主题。结果:与丧子相关的哀伤事件直接反映出哀伤的特点,是显性哀伤;其他几类自传体记忆,包括威胁生命安全事件、其他人际关系事件、对自我的认识与评价、成就事件、娱乐事件和未分类事件,均间接反映出哀伤的特点,是隐性哀伤。不管是显性哀伤还是隐性哀伤所呈现的自传体记忆内容,都明显受到中国传统文化的影响,例如家族主义文化中传宗接代、不孝有三无后为大等思想的影响。结论:临床心理学工作者和社会工作者在对失独者的服务中,需要兼具显性哀伤和隐性哀伤的视角,也需要理解失独者的哀伤如何受到中国文化的影响。

Objective: To explore the autobiographical memory content of shiduers(parents who lost their single child)and the influence of Chinese culture. Methods: This study used the Autobiographical Memory Test(AMT) to conduct interviews with 17 shiduers, that is, the participants were presented with 10 pre-prepared clues, which triggered the participants’ autobiographical memory, and analysed the major items in their memory content. Results: The grief events associated with the loss of a child directly expressed the characteristics of grief and constitute explicit grief. Other types of autobiographical memory, including life-threatening events, other relationship events, self-knowledge and assessment, achievement events, recreation events, and non-classifiable events, all indirectly expressed grief characteristics and constitute implicit grief. Regardless of whether the content of the autobiographical memories expressesed explicit grief, such autobiographical memories were influenced by the traditional culture of China, including aspects of familism culture, such as the need to continue the family line by producing an heir and the belief that having no sons was contrary to the requirements of filial piety. Conclusion: To provide more effective service to shiduers, clinical psychologists and social workers must have a perspective on both explicit grief and implicit grief, they must also understand the expression of grief in light of the cultural backgrounds of individuals.