高水平运动员应对自我效能问卷的编制

Development of Coping Self-efficacy Questionnaire of High-level Athlete

目的:编制高水平运动员应对自我效能问卷并检验其信效度。方法:选取269名(样本1)高水平运动员对初始问卷进行项目分析和探索性因素分析,选取243名(样本2)高水平运动员对问卷进行验证性因素分析,以上述两个样本总体对问卷进行信度分析和效度分析。结果:探索性因素分析表明,高水平运动员应对自我效能包括三个维度:积极解决问题、获得情感支持和规避不良想法,累积解释问卷总变异量57.46%。验证性因素分析表明三因素结构模型拟合良好(χ^2/df=1.893,CFI=0.969,GFI=0.930,NNFI=0.962,RMSEA=0.061)。效标效度检验显示,高水平运动员应对自我效能和其赛前焦虑(r=-0.55)、运动员疲劳(r=-0.30)分别存在显著负相关,问卷内部一致性信度系数为0.87。结论:高水平运动员应对自我效能问卷信效度良好,可以作为高水平运动员应对自我效能的测量工具。

Objective: Based on the analysis of the literature about high-level athletic team and coping self-efficacy,this paper aims to investigate the construct of coping self-efficacy of high-level athletes. Methods: More than 510 athletes from different high-level basketball teams were surveyed. Results: The results from exploratory factor analysis demonstrated that coping self-efficacy of high-level athletes consisted of three factors, which were using problem-resolving coping,getting support from others and avoiding unpleasant emotions, and the results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the coping self-efficacy of high-level athletes had a good construct validity(χ^2/df=1.893, CFI=0.969, GFI=0.930, NNFI=0.962,RMSEA=0.061). The scores of high-level athletes’ coping self-efficacy were negatively correlated with scores of pre-competitive anxiety(r=-0.55) and burnout(r=-0.30). Conclusion: The scale conducted in this study has acceptable reliability and validity and can be used to measure the coping self-efficacy of high-level athletes.