信奉阴谋论的动机及干预手段

Motives of Believing in Conspiracy Theory and Means of Intervention

在心理学的研究视角下,个体的阴谋论心态被定义为将重大的社会和政治事件视为有权力的组织或个人暗中蓄意预谋以达成其预定目的的解释倾向。而人们产生这种心态并选择信奉阴谋论可以通过认知动机、存在动机或群体动机来解释。基于这三种动机,提供反阴谋论证据、发展分析性思维及重视认知理性、缓解焦虑及提升控制感、对重要他人进行认知介入等手段可以有效干预阴谋论。未来研究可以考虑结合中国社会文化背景,选用更具特殊意义的样本,更多通过因果逻辑实验,加强干预研究的开展。

From the perspective of psychological research,the individual's conspiracy mentality is defined as the ten dency to interpret major social and political events as powerful organizations or individuals who secretly and deliberately plan to achieve their intended purpose.The generation of this kind of mentality and people's choice to embrace conspiracy theories may be explained by cognitive motives,existential motives,or group motives.Based on these three motives,provid ing anticonspiracy evidence,developing analytic thinking and attaching importance to epistemic rationality,relieving anxiety and improving perceived control,and cognitive infiltration of important others can effectively intervene in conspiracy theories.Future research can consider combining Chinese social and cultural backgrounds,selecting more specific samples,conducting more causal logic experiments,and strengthening the implementation of intervention research.