宜兴市幼儿家长对安全座椅使用及认知情况调查

Use and awareness of child safety seats among parents in Yixing City

目的了解儿童安全座椅购买和使用情况及相关影响因素,为预防控制儿童交通伤害提供参考依据。方法2017年6月在宜兴市随机选取城镇和乡村幼儿园各两所,在托班、小、中、大班中各选1~2个班级开展问卷调查,儿童年龄为3~6周岁,对拥有私家车的927名儿童家长进行儿童安全坐椅购买和使用行为及相关因素调查。结果宜兴市幼儿家长有37.43%购买儿童安全座椅,其中使用率为30.20%,总使用率为9.82%,儿童年龄小于4岁、家长教育水平越高、家庭收入越高及私家车价格越高的家庭儿童安全座椅购买和使用率较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);安全座椅相关知识应答的全部正确率为10.4%;有84.1%的家长认为,必须立法制定相关法律,以实现儿童乘坐汽车时强制使用儿童安全座椅;在选购安全座椅时最关注的为“质量”(44.8%),认为合理价位认可度最高的为501~元占39.4%,首选渠道占比最高为“商场专柜”(43.4%);未购买安全座椅的主要原因是“孩子乘车机会少”占33.7%,在孩子乘车出行时不使用儿童安全座椅的主要原因为“孩子不想坐安全座椅”占53.8%。结论宜兴市儿童安全座椅的购买率和使用率较低,幼儿园家长对安全座椅的认知水平还较低,存在认识误区,应加强相关知识的宣传教育及采取有针对性的立法来提高家长对儿童乘车安全知识的认知和有效使用符合标准的儿童安全座椅,以保障儿童的乘车安全。

Objective To investigate the purchase and use of child safety seats and the related influencing factors, and to provide a basis for preventing and controlling traffic injuries in children.Methods We randomly selected 2 urban and 2 rural kindergartens in Yixing City in June, 2017, and then chose 1-2 classes in each grade, including care, primary, middle and senior grades. The surveyed children ranged in age from 3 to 6 years, and 927 parents with private cars received a survey based on a questionnaire concerning the purchase and use of child safety seats and the related factors.Results Totally 37.43% of the surveyed parents in Yixing City purchased child safety seats, and the use and always use rates were 30.20% and 9.82% respectively. The purchase and use rates of child safety seats were found to be higher in families with children younger than 4 years old, higher level of parental education, higher income and higher-priced private car, showing statistically significant differences (P<0.05). The total correct rate of safety seat related knowledge response was 10.4%. 84.1% of the surveyed parents believed that relevant laws had to be legislated to realize the mandatory use of child safety seats when travelling with children in cars. 44.8% of the surveyed parents cared most about the quality when purchasing a safety seat for use, 39.4% considered that the most reasonable and recognized price was ￥501-, and 43.4% thought that special counters in mall were the most preferred channel for the purchase. The main reason for not purchasing a safety seat was that the child had less opportunity to ride in cars, accounting for 33.7%. The main reason for not using a child safety seat when a child travelled by car was that the child did not want to take a safety seat, accounting for 53.8%.Conclusions The purchase and use rates of child safety seats in Yixing City are found to be lower. The parents awareness of child safety seats is still low;moreover, they have a misunderstanding. It is necessary to intensify publicity and education regarding child safety seat related knowledge and adopt targeted legislation so as to improve the parents’ awareness of child safety seat knowledge, effectively use the standard child safety seat, and guarantee the safety of children when travelling in a car.