基于切比雪夫多项式的LEO卫星轨道拟合与预报精度分析

Accuracy Analysis of LEO Satellite Orbit Fitting and Prediction Based on Chebyshev Polynomials Method

为了实现对低轨卫星长弧段、高精度的轨道拟合和预报,运用切比雪夫多项式的方法进行卫星轨道拟合和预报。选用GRACE-A卫星、HY-2A卫星和JASON-2卫星为例进行预报处理,分析了卫星的轨道高度和拟合弧长对轨道拟合和预报结果的影响。结果表明:选取合适的拟合区间和拟合阶次数,3颗卫星的轨道拟合结果均可达到毫米级精度,并且均可实现对3颗卫星的短期高精度的厘米轨道预报。

In order to achieve high-precision orbit fitting and forecasting for low arc satellites, uses the Chebyshev polynomial method for satellite orbit fitting and forecasting. The GRACE-A satellite, the HY-2 A satellite and the JASON-2 satellite are used as examples for forecasting and processing, and the effects of the orbital altitude and the fitted arc length on the orbit fitting and the prediction result are analyzed. The results show that the orbit fitting results of three satellites can reach the millimeter accuracy by selecting suitable fitting intervals and fitting order times, and can achieve short-term and high-accuracy centimeter orbit prediction for three satellites.